Epistemologies; Plato vs. Aristotle Essay

Plato, the receive of philosophy, was a rationalist. He was the first trustated metaphysician and epistemologist. He believed that we had ignorant association a priori. So to him learning was only a matter of remembering. Plato believed that the ideal populace existed beyond our own physical earth be micturate gibe to him realty could not be changing or imperfect. From his point of view what we impinge on atomic number 18 only the particulars, the mimics of the real thing, therefore, we affirm to pull back from the universe of discourse of peculiars and wait in our own minds.Things like rightness or moral virtues do not exist in this world in a proper form. In Crito & angstrom Meno we can clearly see these ideas. The immanent argument in Crito is The Many vs. The whiz. Socrates advances We shouldt care alone that much about what the populace will say of us, but about what the expert on matters goodice and in unlessice will say, the individualist(a) authority, or Truth. With this phrase he is byword that we should never pay attention to the judicial decision of the some(prenominal) but alship canal rally the one who knows because that is the only person whose opinion is valuable.And later on he goes on to say that if it is never good to do injustice then it is also ill-timed to do injustice in solution to injustice which is why he refuses to escape. In Meno we pay more in familiarity into the idea of inborn knowledge. Meno starts with the question What is rightfulness? but Meno always answers the question by giving examples of virtue instead of delimit the word and going to the roots of what all those virtues put one across in common.Down in the world of particulars there are many kinds of virtues for example for the male its to unfreeze the state, female its to run the kinsperson but what is important, essential is the traits they both overhear in common temperance and justice. Socrates uses the dialectical rule in edic t to stay answers out of Meno and also clearly demonstrates this method on a slave of Meno to be his theory about innate knowledge. however though it can always be used, using the dialectical method is specifically significant when a person believes that we have innate knowledge, because if what we call learning is just remembering then teaching is just pulling out that knowledge, giving opportunities for that innate knowledge to spring forth. Aristotle on the new(prenominal) hand was an empiricist. He believed that we learned with our sniff outs, by gathering knowledge from the world around us a posteriori.By knowledge On the understanding and Metaphysics we get a clear sense of Aristotles epistemology. Aristotle encourages embracing the particular in order to possibly gain a sense of the universal. According to Aristotle forms are the essence and when we flow form and matter we get human. The exercise On the Soul discusses that the body and the soul is not one, that sight allows us to wet-nurse the world in very rear ways and that memory is learning.In the reading Metaphysics Aristotle sets forth causes for the explanation of change bosom (essence), Matter (or substratum), Source of change and the cause opposed to this. Plato and Aristotle both believed in a universal purpose but the ways in which they got to these universal purposes were very different. Plato was an idealist, he despised the physical whereas Aristotle was a scientist, he loved facts and commonsense.Aristotle would argue that we gain knowledge after experience (a posteriori) but Plato would for sure disagree and say that we gain knowledge before experience (a priori). Plato believes that there is a world of ideas where ideas exist perfectly, the objects in our world are just mimics whereas Aristotle says that the ideas we perceive are inside the particular object. By facial expression that matter and form combined is what makes an individual Aristotle brings Platos Forms down f rom the heavens to concrete reality.